« GRATUITÉ » — Un refrain dans les écrits de saint Vincent de Paul —
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.35312/nbafgn29Mots-clés :
Gratis, Vincent de Paul, Retreat of priests, MissionRésumé
Cet article étudie le thème récurrent du « gratis » dans les écrits de saint Vincent de Paul et montre qu'il constitue un principe fondamental de sa spiritualité, de sa stratégie missionnaire et de sa vision institutionnelle. Pour saint Vincent, l'évangélisation et les œuvres de charité devaient être offertes gratuitement, conformément à la parole du Christ : « Vous avez reçu gratuitement, donnez gratuitement. » Cette conviction a profondément marqué l'organisation de la Congrégation de la Mission et des autres fondations vincentiennes, exigeant des ressources financières stables afin que les pauvres n'aient jamais à payer les services pastoraux ou caritatifs. À partir des lettres, conférences, documents fondateurs et Règles communes de saint Vincent, cette étude montre que le gratis n'est pas seulement un principe économique, mais une expression théologique de la charité divine, de la pauvreté évangélique et de la liberté missionnaire. Il demeure aujourd'hui un appel prophétique pour la Famille vincentienne.
Références
Contassot, Felix C.M. 1959. “La vie matérielle des Missionnaires” (1959). Unpublished study is found in the Archives of the Congregation of the Mission, Paris, France.
Corera, Jaime C.M. 1977. “Las bases económicas de la comunidad vicenciana,” Anales de la Congregación de la Misión y de las Hijas de la Caridad, 85:4 (April, 1977) pp. 462-484, reprinted in his Diez Estudios Vicencianos (Santa Marta de Tormes, 1983), pp. 129-157.
Corera, Jaime C.M. 1995. “Bienes,” Diccionario de la Espiritualidad Vicenciana (Santa Marta de Tormes, 1995), pp. 43-46.
Coste, Pierre. 1935. The Life and Labours of Saint Vincent de Paul, translated by Joseph Leonard (London: Burns, Oates & Washbourne, 1935) II.
Grossi, Getúlio Mota C.M. 2016. Un Místico de la Misión, Vicente de Paúl (Madrid: Editorial LA MILAGROSA, 2016), 119-164.
Jacquart, Jean. 1986. “Saint Vincent’s Real Estate Policy,” Vincentian Heritage 7, no. 2 (1986), 181-203, trans. Jacqueline Kilar, D.C.; José María Román, C.M., St. Vincent de Paul. A Biography, trans. Sr. Joyce Howard, D.C., (London, 1999), 293-95, chap. XVI, “The struggle to put the company on a more solid financial basis”; his “The Foundations of Saint Vincent de Paul,” trans. Stafford Poole, C.M., Vincentian Heritage, 9, no. 2 (1988), 134-60.
Feillet, Alphonse. 1868. La misère au temps de la Fronde et Saint Vincent de Paul, 4th ed. (Paris, 1868).
Féron, Alexandre. 1930. La Vie et les Œuvres de Charles MAIGNART de BERNIÈRES (Rouen, 1930).
Jacquart, Jean. 1983. “La politique foncier de Monsieur Vincent,” in Vincent de Paul. Acts du colloque international d’études vincentiennes (Paris, 1981) (Rome, 1983), pp. 129-143; English version: “Saint Vincent’s Real Estate Policy,” Vincentian Heritage 7, no. 2 (1986), pp. 181-203, trans. Jacqueline Kilar, D.C.
Feillet, Alphonse. 1868. La Misère au Temps de la Fronde et Saint Vincent de Paul, fourteenth edition abridged and corrected (Paris: Didier et Cie, 1868).
Koch, Bernard C.M. 1992. “Saint Vincent Gestionnaire” (1992). Unpublished study is found in the Archives of the Congregation of the Mission, Paris, France.
Koch, Bernard C.M. 1998. "Une Lettre Inédite de Saint Vincent: Supplique 1645," Vincentiana: Vol. 42 (1998): No. 1, Article 19. Available at: https://via.library.depaul.edu/vincentiana/vol42/iss1/19.
Maloney, Robert P., C.M. 2019. Mystic of Charity (St. Louis, MO: Society of St. Vincent de Paul, 2019), chapter 8, p. 133-144.
Maynard, Abbé. 1860. Saint Vincent de Paul (Paris: Ambroise Bray, 1860) IV.
de Marillac, Louise. Spiritual Writings, p. 50. Cf. http://via.library.depaul.edu/ldm/11
de Paul, Vincent. 1985. Correspondence, Conferences, Documents (CCD), translators: Helen Marie Law, DC (Vol. 1), Marie Poole, DC (Vol. 1-14), James King, CM (Vol. 1-2), Francis Germovnik, CM (Vol. 1-8, 13a-13b [Latin]), Esther Cavanagh, DC (Vol. 2), Ann Mary Dougherty, DC (Vol. 12); Evelyne Franc, DC (Vol. 13a-13b), Thomas Davitt, CM (Vol. 13a-13b [Latin]), Glennon E. Figge, CM (Vol. 13a-13b [Latin]), John G. Nugent, CM (Vol. 13a-13b [Latin]), Andrew Spellman, CM (Vol. 13a-13b [Latin]); edited: Jacqueline Kilar, DC (Vol. 1-2), Marie Poole, DC (Vol. 2-14), Julia Denton, DC [editor-in-chief] (Vol. 3-10, 13a-13b), Paule Freeburg, DC (Vol. 3), Mirian Hamway, DC (Vol. 3), Elinor Hartman, DC (Vol. 4-10, 13a-13b), Ellen Van Zandt, DC (Vol. 9-13b), Ann Mary Dougherty (Vol. 11, 12 and 14); annotated: John W. Carven, CM (Vol. 1-14); New City Press, Brooklyn and Hyde Park, 1985-2014.
de Paul, Vincent. 1658. Common Rules.
Pope Alexander VII. 1659. On August 12, in Alias Nos is brief but not easy to understand today (hence, the need for an “interpretation” by the 1974 General Assembly).
Pope Urban VIII. 1633. Salvatoris Nostri, Bull of Erection of the Congregation of the Mission (January 12. 1633).
Recueil des Relations contenant ce qui s'est fait pour l'assistance des pauvres. Entre autres ceux de Paris et des environs, ceux des Provinces de Picardie et Champagne, pendant les ans 1650, 1651, 1652, 1653 et 1654 (Paris, 1655).
Rigazio, Alejandro C.M. 1988. Administration des biens, selon l’esprit de Saint Vincent, trans. Georges Baldacchino, Bulletin des Lazaristes de France, 113 (Février, 1988), pp. 21-37; 114 (Avril, 1988), pp. 23-35.
Roman, Jose Maria C.M. 1984. “Las Fundaciones de San Vicente,” Vincentiana 27:4-6 (July-December, 1984) pp. 457-486, English: “The Foundations of Saint Vincent de Paul” trans. Stafford Poole, C.M. Vincentian Heritage, 9, no. 2 (1988), pp. 134-160.
Román, José-María. 1999. St. Vincent de Paul, a Biography, translated by Joyce Howard, D.C. (London: Fox Communications, 1999).
Rybolt, John. 2005. “St. Vincent de Paul and Money,” Vincentian Heritage Journal 26 (2005) 81-103 and “Vincent de Paul as a fundraiser: his attitudes and practices,” which can be found at https://works.bepress.com/john_rybolt/64/
Wulfman, Rene. 1998. Charité publique et Finances Privées: Monsieur Vincent. Gestionnaire et Saint, Villeneuve d’Ascq. Presses Universitaires du Septentrion (1998).
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